Saturday, June 20, 2026

Treatments for refugees • Soins pour les réfugiés

 Biblical Perspective on Refugees

The Bible presents a positive view of refugees and migration, emphasizing the importance of hospitality and compassion for those in need. Key figures in biblical narratives, such as Abraham, Moses, and Jesus, exemplify the experiences of migrants and refugees.


Key Biblical Refugee Figures:

Figure Context of Migration

Abraham was  a sojourner who traveled to Canaan, representing faith.

Moses was a fugitive who led the Israelites out of Egypt.

Jesus was Born in Bethlehem, fled to Egypt as a refugee.

Biblical Teachings on Hospitality

The Bible instructs believers to treat refugees and strangers with kindness and respect. Important verses include:

• Leviticus 19:33-34: "When a foreigner resides among you in your land, do not mistreat them. The foreigner must be treated as your native-born."

• Hebrews 13:2: "Do not forget to entertain strangers, for by so doing some people have entertained angels without knowing it."

Themes of Compassion and Justice

The biblical narrative emphasizes the need for compassion towards the vulnerable, including refugees. Key themes include:

• Hospitality: Encouraged as a fundamental Christian practice.

• Justice: Advocating for the rights of the marginalized and oppressed.

• Solidarity: Recognizing the shared humanity and dignity of all people, regardless of their status.

In summary, the Bible frames the experiences of refugees as integral to its teachings, urging believers to act with love and justice towards those seeking safety and shelter.



35 Important Bible Verses About Refugee (Explained)


“For I was hungry and you gave me something to eat, I was thirsty and you gave me something to drink, I was a stranger and you invited me in.” – Matthew 25:35


Welcoming Refugees

In our Christian walk, we are often called to show hospitality to those who seek refuge. Welcoming refugees is not just a good deed; it is a divine command. By opening our hearts and doors to those in need, we reflect the love of Christ. When we remember that Jesus Himself was a refugee, we can empathize with their struggle. Let us be reminded that every welcomed stranger is a blessing, and in serving them, we serve Christ.


Hebrews 13:2

“Do not forget to show hospitality to strangers, for by so doing some people have shown hospitality to angels without knowing it.” – Hebrews 13:2


Leviticus 19:34

“The foreigner residing among you must be treated as your native-born. Love them as yourself, for you were foreigners in Egypt. I am the LORD your God.” – Leviticus 19:34


Romans 15:7

“Accept one another, then, just as Christ accepted you, in order to bring praise to God.” – Romans 15:7


Matthew 25:40

The King will reply, ‘Truly I tell you, whatever you did for one of the least of these brothers and sisters of mine, you did for me.’” – Matthew 25:40


1 Peter 4:9

“Offer hospitality to one another without grumbling.” – 1 Peter 4:9


God’s Compassion for Refugees

God’s heart for the displaced is evident throughout Scripture. His compassion isn’t limited to a select group; it extends to all who suffer. By acknowledging our shared humanity, we can act on His behalf, showing love and kindness to refugees. God calls us to reflect His love, which is tender and understanding towards those who face hardship. Let’s immerse ourselves in His compassion, becoming instruments of kindness.


Psalms 146:9

“The LORD watches over the foreigner and sustains the fatherless and the widow, but he frustrates the ways of the wicked.” – Psalms 146:9


Deuteronomy 10:18

“He defends the cause of the fatherless and the widow, and loves the foreigner residing among you, giving them food and clothing.” – Deuteronomy 10:18


Isaiah 58:7

“Is it not to share your food with the hungry and to provide the poor wanderer with shelter—when you see the naked, to clothe them, and not to turn away from your own flesh and blood?” – Isaiah 58:7


Jeremiah 22:3

“This is what the LORD says: ‘Do what is just and right. Rescue from the hand of the oppressor the one who has been robbed. Do not mistreat or oppress the foreigner, the fatherless or the widow. And do not shed innocent blood in this place.’” – Jeremiah 22:3


Matthew 9:36

“When he saw the crowds, he had compassion on them, because they were harassed and helpless, like sheep without a shepherd.” – Matthew 9:36


Prayer for Refugees

As we reflect on our call to care for refugees, we must infuse our actions with prayer. It is in prayer that we gain strength and wisdom to support those who are suffering. Through prayer, we can intercede on their behalf and ask God to guide our hearts. Let us consistently lift refugees in prayer, asking for their safety, peace, and the provision of their needs. Our prayers can bring comfort and hope.


Philippians 4:6-7

“Do not be anxious about anything, but in every situation, by prayer and petition, with thanksgiving, present your requests to God. And the peace of God, which transcends all understanding, will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Jesus.” – Philippians 4:6-7


1 Thessalonians 5:17

“Pray continually.” – 1 Thessalonians 5:17


James 5:16

“Therefore confess your sins to each other and pray for each other so that you may be healed. The prayer of a righteous person is powerful and effective.” – James 5:16


Colossians 4:2

“Devote yourselves to prayer, being watchful and thankful.” – Colossians 4:2


Jeremiah 29:12

“Then you will call on me and come and pray to me, and I will listen to you.” – Jeremiah 29:12


Providing for Refugees

Meeting the physical needs of refugees is critical in showing them the love of Christ. We examine what we can do to help provide food, shelter, and support for those who lack basic necessities. This can be through donations, volunteering, or simply offering our resources. As we serve refugees, we not only provide for their needs but also display the love and generosity that God has shown us. Together, we can make a difference.


Proverbs 19:17

“Whoever is kind to the poor lends to the LORD, and he will reward them for what they have done.” – Proverbs 19:17


2 Corinthians 9:7

“Each of you should give what you have decided in your heart to give, not reluctantly or under compulsion, for God loves a cheerful giver.” – 2 Corinthians 9:7


Matthew 6:3-4

“But when you give to the needy, do not let your left hand know what your right hand is doing, so that your giving may be in secret. Then your Father, who sees what is done in secret, will reward you.” – Matthew 6:3-4


Acts 20:35

“In everything I did, I showed you that by this kind of hard work we must help the weak, remembering the words the Lord Jesus himself said: ‘It is more blessed to give than to receive.’” – Acts 20:35


Isaiah 58:10

“And if you spend yourselves in behalf of the hungry and satisfy the needs of the oppressed, then your light will rise in the darkness and your night will become like the noonday.” – Isaiah 58:10


Empowering Refugees

Empowerment goes beyond just giving aid. It includes uplifting refugees and helping them find their footing. We recognize the importance of providing them with skills, education, and opportunities. By investing time and resources into their futures, we help them to not only survive but thrive. Let us approach empowering refugees with grace and understanding, helping them to rebuild their lives and fulfill their potential.


Proverbs 31:9

“Speak up and judge fairly; defend the rights of the poor and needy.” – Proverbs 31:9


Luke 6:38

“Give, and it will be given to you. A good measure, pressed down, shaken together and running over, will be poured into your lap. For with the measure you use, it will be measured to you.” – Luke 6:38


Ephesians 4:28

“Anyone who has been stealing must steal no longer, but must work, doing something useful with their own hands, that they may have something to share with those in need.” – Ephesians 4:28


Proverbs 22:9

“The generous will themselves be blessed, for they share their food with the poor.” – Proverbs 22:9


Acts 4:32

“All the believers were one in heart and mind. No one claimed that any of their possessions was their own, but they shared everything they had.” – Acts 4:32


Sharing Stories of Refugees

Every refugee has a story, a testament to resilience and courage. Sharing these stories not only humanizes the issue but can also inspire and mobilize communities. As we listen to and share the experiences of refugees, we foster understanding and compassion. Stories remind us of the importance of community and the shared struggle for dignity and hope. Together, let us become advocates for the voiceless.


Proverbs 12:25

“Anxiety weighs down the heart, but a kind word cheers it up.” – Proverbs 12:25


Revelation 12:11

“They triumphed over him by the blood of the Lamb and by the word of their testimony; they did not love their lives so much as to shrink from death.” – Revelation 12:11


Romans 10:14

“How, then, can they call on the one they have not believed in? And how can they believe in the one of whom they have not heard? And how can they hear without someone preaching to them?” – Romans 10:14


1 John 1:3

“We proclaim to you what we have seen and heard, so that you also may have fellowship with us. And our fellowship is with the Father and with his Son, Jesus Christ.” – 1 John 1:3


Psalms 78:4

“We will not hide them from their descendants; we will tell the next generation the praiseworthy deeds of the LORD, his power, and the wonders he has done.” – Psalms 78:4


Final Thoughts

As we dive into the topic of refugees, we realize how vital it is to show compassion and love. We are called to welcome them, making our communities a safe haven for those in distress. Through prayer, support, and empowerment, we can light the way for the lost and provide a sense of hope and refuge.

By sharing their stories and understanding their journeys, we expand our hearts and foster unity among us. Together, as one body of Christ, we can create change. Let us be the hands and feet of Jesus to those in need.

For more insight into God’s word related to how we treat immigrants and strangers, explore the passages about foreigners in your land and the challenges of foreigners assimilating in a new country.


Christians are refugees


This World Is Not My Home - Hymn

¹ This world is not my home, I’m just a-passing through,

My treasures are laid up somewhere beyond the blue;

The angels beckon me from heaven’s open door,

And I can’t feel at home in this world anymore.


Refrain:

O Lord, You know I have no friend like You,

If heaven’s not my home, then, Lord, what will I do?

The angels beckon me from heaven’s open door,

And I can’t feel at home in this world anymore.


² They’re all expecting me, and that’s one thing I know

My Savior pardoned me, and now I onward go;

I know He’ll take me through though I am weak and poor,

And I can’t feel at home in this world anymore.


³ I have a loving Savior up in glory-land,

I don’t expect to stop until I with Him stand;

He’s waiting now for me in heaven’s open door,

And I can’t feel at home in this world anymore.


⁴ Just up in glory-land we’ll live eternally,

The saints on every hand are shouting victory,

Their songs of sweetest praise drift back from heaven’s shore,

And I can’t feel at home in this world anymore.


(en français)

Perspective biblique sur les réfugiés

La Bible présente une vision positive des réfugiés et des migrations, soulignant l'importance de l'hospitalité et de la compassion envers les personnes dans le besoin. Des figures clés des récits bibliques, comme Abraham, Moïse et Jésus, illustrent le vécu des migrants et des réfugiés.


Figures bibliques clés de réfugiés :

Contexte migratoir


• Abraham était un étranger qui s'est rendu en Canaan, symbolisant la foi.


• Moïse était un fugitif qui a conduit les Israélites hors d'Égypte.


• Jésus est né à Bethléem et a fui en Égypte comme réfugié.


Enseignements bibliques sur l'hospitalité


La Bible exhorte les croyants à traiter les réfugiés et les étrangers avec bonté et respect. Parmi les versets importants :

• Lévitique 19:33-34 : « Si un étranger séjourne parmi vous dans votre pays, vous ne le maltraiterez pas. L'étranger sera pour vous un indigène. » 

• Hébreux 13:2 : « N’oubliez pas l’hospitalité ; car, en l’exerçant, quelques-uns ont logé des anges, sans le savoir. »


Thèmes de compassion et de justice

Le récit biblique souligne la nécessité de la compassion envers les personnes vulnérables, notamment les réfugiés. Les thèmes clés sont les suivants :

• L’hospitalité : encouragée comme une pratique chrétienne fondamentale.

• La justice : défendre les droits des personnes marginalisées et opprimées.

• La solidarité : reconnaître l’humanité et la dignité communes à tous les êtres humains, quel que soit leur statut.


En résumé, la Bible intègre l’expérience des réfugiés à ses enseignements, exhortant les croyants à agir avec amour et justice envers ceux qui cherchent sécurité et refuge.


35 versets bibliques importants sur les réfugiés (expliqués)


« Car j’avais faim, et vous m’avez donné à manger ; j’avais soif, et vous m’avez donné à boire ; j’étais étranger, et vous m’avez accueilli. » – Matthieu 25:35


Accueillir les réfugiés

Dans notre cheminement chrétien, nous sommes souvent appelés à faire preuve d'hospitalité envers ceux qui cherchent refuge. Accueillir les réfugiés n'est pas seulement une bonne action ; c'est un commandement divin. En ouvrant nos cœurs et nos portes à ceux qui sont dans le besoin, nous reflétons l'amour du Christ. Lorsque nous nous souvenons que Jésus lui-même était un réfugié, nous pouvons comprendre leur souffrance. Rappelons-nous que chaque étranger accueilli est une bénédiction, et qu'en les servant, nous servons le Christ.


Hébreux 13:2

« N'oubliez pas l'hospitalité ; car, en l'exerçant, quelques-uns ont logé des anges, sans le savoir. » – Hébreux 13:2


Lévitique 19:34

« L'étranger qui séjourne parmi vous sera traité comme un indigène. Vous l'aimerez comme vous-mêmes, car vous avez été étrangers en Égypte. Je suis l'Éternel, votre Dieu. » Lévitique 19:34


Romains 15:7

« Accueillez-vous donc les uns les autres, comme Christ vous a accueillis, pour la gloire de Dieu. » – Romains 15:7


Matthieu 25:40

« Le Roi leur répondra : “En vérité, je vous le dis, chaque fois que vous l’avez fait à l’un de ces plus petits de mes frères, c’est à moi que vous l’avez fait.” » – Matthieu 25:40


1 Pierre 4:9

« Pratiquez l’hospitalité les uns envers les autres sans murmurer. » – 1 Pierre 4:9


La compassion de Dieu pour les réfugiés

L’amour de Dieu pour les personnes déplacées est manifeste dans toute l’Écriture. Sa compassion ne se limite pas à un groupe privilégié ; elle s’étend à tous ceux qui souffrent. En reconnaissant notre humanité commune, nous pouvons agir en son nom, en témoignant amour et bienveillance envers les réfugiés. Dieu nous appelle à refléter son amour, empreint de tendresse et de compréhension envers ceux qui traversent des épreuves. Laissons-nous imprégner de sa compassion et devenons des instruments de bonté.


Psaume 146:9

« L’Éternel protège l’étranger, il soutient l’orphelin et la veuve, mais il fait échouer les projets des méchants. » – Psaume 146:9


Deutéronome 10:18

« Il fait droit à l’orphelin et à la veuve, il aime l’étranger qui séjourne parmi vous, il lui donne de la nourriture et des vêtements. » – Deutéronome 10:18


Ésaïe 58:7

« N’est-ce pas partager ton pain avec celui qui a faim, accueillir le pauvre voyageur, vêtir celui qui est nu, et ne pas te détourner de ton prochain ? » Ésaïe 58:7


Jérémie 22:3

« Voici ce que dit l’Éternel : “Faites ce qui est juste et droit. Délivrez de la main de l’oppresseur l’opprimé. N’opprimez ni ne maltraitez l’étranger, ni l’orphelin, ni la veuve. Et ne répandez pas le sang innocent en ce lieu.” » – Jérémie 22:3


Matthieu 9:36

« Voyant les foules, il fut rempli de compassion pour elles, car elles étaient harassées et abattues, comme des brebis sans berger. » – Matthieu 9:36


Prière pour les réfugiés

Alors que nous réfléchissons à notre vocation à prendre soin des réfugiés, nous devons imprégner nos actions de prière. C’est dans la prière que nous puisons la force et la sagesse nécessaires pour soutenir ceux qui souffrent. Par la prière, nous pouvons intercéder en leur faveur et demander à Dieu de guider nos cœurs. Prions sans cesse pour les réfugiés, demandant leur sécurité, leur paix et que leurs besoins soient comblés. Nos prières peuvent apporter réconfort et espoir.


Philippiens 4:6-7

« Ne vous inquiétez de rien ; mais en toute chose, par la prière et la supplication, avec des actions de grâces, faites connaître à Dieu vos demandes. Et la paix de Dieu, qui surpasse toute intelligence, gardera vos cœurs et vos pensées en Jésus-Christ. » – Philippiens 4:6-7


1 Thessaloniciens 5:17

« Priez sans cesse. » – 1 Thessaloniciens 5:17


Jacques 5:16

« Confessez donc vos péchés les uns aux autres, et priez les uns pour les autres, afin que vous soyez guéris. La prière du juste est puissante et efficace. » – Jacques 5:16


Colossiens 4:2

« Persévérez dans la prière, veillez-y avec actions de grâces. » Colossiens 4:2


Jérémie 29:12

« Alors vous m’invoquerez, vous viendrez me prier, et je vous exaucerai. » – Jérémie 29:12


Aider les réfugiés

Répondre aux besoins matériels des réfugiés est essentiel pour leur témoigner l’amour du Christ. Nous réfléchissons à la manière dont nous pouvons contribuer à fournir nourriture, abri et soutien à ceux qui manquent du nécessaire. Cela peut se traduire par des dons, du bénévolat ou simplement par la mise à disposition de nos ressources. En servant les réfugiés, nous ne nous contentons pas de répondre à leurs besoins, mais nous manifestons aussi l’amour et la générosité que Dieu nous a témoignés. Ensemble, nous pouvons faire la différence.


Proverbes 19:17

« Celui qui fait preuve de bonté envers le pauvre prête à l’Éternel, et il le récompensera de son œuvre. » – Proverbes 19:17


2 Corinthiens 9:7

« Que chacun donne comme il l’a résolu dans son cœur, sans tristesse ni contrainte ; car Dieu aime celui qui donne avec joie. » – 2 Corinthiens 9:7


Matthieu 6:3-4

« Mais quand tu fais l’aumône, que ta main gauche ignore ce que fait ta main droite, afin que ton aumône se fasse en secret ; et ton Père, qui voit dans le secret, te le rendra. » – Matthieu 6:3-4


Actes 20:35

« En tout ce que j’ai fait, je vous ai montré qu’il faut secourir les faibles par ce genre de travail, en se souvenant des paroles du Seigneur Jésus lui-même : “Il y a plus de bonheur à donner qu’à recevoir.” » – Actes 20:35


Ésaïe 58:10

« Si vous vous dépensez pour celui qui a faim, si vous rassasiez les besoins de l’opprimé, votre lumière se lèvera dans les ténèbres, et votre nuit sera comme le plein midi. » – Ésaïe 58:10


Autonomiser les réfugiés

L’autonomisation va au-delà de la simple aide humanitaire. Elle consiste à soutenir les réfugiés et à les aider à se reconstruire. Nous reconnaissons l’importance de leur fournir des compétences, une éducation et des opportunités. En investissant du temps et des ressources dans leur avenir, nous les aidons non seulement à survivre, mais aussi à s’épanouir. Abordons l’autonomisation des réfugiés avec bienveillance et compréhension, en les aidant à reconstruire leur vie et à réaliser leur plein potentiel.


 Proverbes 31:9

« Ouvre la bouche et rends justice ; défends les droits du pauvre et du malheureux. » – Proverbes 31:9


Luc 6:38

« Donnez, et l’on vous donnera. On versera dans votre sein une bonne mesure, tassée, secouée et qui déborde ; car on vous mesurera avec la mesure dont vous vous servez. » – Luc 6:38


Éphésiens 4:28

« Que celui qui volait cesse de voler ; qu’il travaille plutôt, en faisant de ses mains un travail utile, afin d’avoir de quoi donner à celui qui est dans le besoin. » – Éphésiens 4:28


Proverbes 22:9

« Heureux celui qui est généreux, car il partage son pain avec le pauvre. » – Proverbes 22:9


Actes 4:32

« Tous les croyants n’avaient qu’un seul cœur et qu’une seule âme. Nul ne disait que ce qu’il possédait fût à lui seul, mais tout ce qu’ils avaient était mis en commun entre eux. » – Actes 4:32


Partager les histoires des réfugiés


Chaque réfugié a une histoire, un témoignage de résilience et de courage. Partager ces histoires permet non seulement d’humaniser la situation, mais aussi d’inspirer et de mobiliser les communautés. En écoutant et en partageant les expériences des réfugiés, nous favorisons la compréhension et la compassion. Ces histoires nous rappellent l’importance de la communauté et la lutte commune pour la dignité et l’espoir. Ensemble, faisons entendre la voix de ceux qui n’en ont pas.


Proverbes 12:25

« L’inquiétude pèse sur le cœur, mais une parole bienveillante le réjouit. » – Proverbes 12:25


Apocalypse 12:11

« Ils l’ont vaincu par le sang de l’Agneau et par la parole de leur témoignage ; ils n’ont pas aimé leur vie au point de craindre la mort. » Apocalypse 12:11


Romains 10:14

« Comment donc invoqueront-ils celui en qui ils n’ont pas cru ? Et comment croiront-ils en celui dont ils n’ont pas entendu parler ? Et comment entendront-ils parler de lui sans prédicateur ? » – Romains 10:14


1 Jean 1:3

« Ce que nous avons vu et entendu, nous vous l’annonçons, afin que vous aussi vous soyez en communion avec nous. Or, notre communion est avec le Père et avec son Fils, Jésus-Christ. » – 1 Jean 1:3


Psaume 78:4

« Nous ne les cacherons pas à leurs descendants ; nous raconterons à la génération future les louanges de l’Éternel, sa puissance et les merveilles qu’il a accomplies. » – Psaume 78:4


Réflexions finales

En abordant le sujet des réfugiés, nous prenons conscience de l'importance cruciale de la compassion et de l'amour. Nous sommes appelés à les accueillir, à faire de nos communautés un havre de paix pour ceux qui sont en détresse. Par la prière, le soutien et l'autonomisation, nous pouvons éclairer le chemin des égarés et leur offrir espoir et refuge.

En partageant leurs histoires et en comprenant leurs parcours, nous ouvrons nos cœurs et renforçons l'unité parmi nous. Ensemble, comme un seul corps du Christ, nous pouvons créer le changement. Soyons les mains et les pieds de Jésus pour ceux qui sont dans le besoin.

Pour approfondir la Parole de Dieu cocernant notre manière de traiter les immigrants et les étrangers, explorez les passages relatifs aux étrangers dans votre pays et aux défis de leur intégration.


Les chrétiens sont des réfugiés


Ce monde n'est pas ma patrie - Cantique


¹ Ce monde n'est pas ma patrie, je ne fais que passer,

Mes trésors sont amassés au-delà des cieux ;

 Les anges m'appellent depuis la porte ouverte du ciel,

Et je ne me sens plus chez moi en ce monde.


Refrain :

Ô Seigneur, tu sais que je n'ai pas d'ami comme toi,

Si le ciel n'est pas ma demeure, alors, Seigneur, que deviendrai-je ?

Les anges m'appellent depuis la orte ouverte du ciel,

Et je ne me sens plus chez moi en ce monde.


² Ils m'attendent tous, et cela, je le sais.

Mon Sauveur m'a pardonné, et maintenant je poursuis mon chemin ;

Je sais qu'il me guidera malgré ma faiblesse et ma pauvreté,

Et je ne me sens plus chez moi en ce monde.


³ J'ai un Sauveur aimant là-haut, au pays de gloire,

Je ne m'arrêterai pas avant d'être à ses côtés ;

Il m'attend maintenant à la porte ouverte du ciel,

Et je ne me sens plus chez moi en ce monde.



 ⁴ Là-haut, au pays de la gloire, nous vivrons éternellement,

Les saints, de toutes parts, crient victoire,

Leurs chants de louange les plus doux nous parviennent des rivages célestes,

Et je ne me sens plus chez moi en ce monde.

Friday, June 19, 2026

To GOD... we pray, Amen.

 To GOD Who Alone is Wise, be The Glory forever through JESUS CHRIST. HE is The WAY, The TRUTH & The LIFE.

Blessed are they which do hunger and thirst after RIGHTEOUSNESS: for they shall be filled. (Matthew 5:6)

May The LORD ALMIGHTY anoint your heart to RECEIVE HIS WORD, heal your ears to HEAR HIS VOICE, open your eyes to SEE HIS REVELATION & bless your mind to DO HIS WILL.

In The Name of JESUS CHRIST, we pray, Amen ❤️


我们向神祷告……阿门。

愿荣耀归于独一全智的神,直到永远,藉着耶稣基督。祂是道路、真理和生命。

饥渴慕义的人有福了,因为他们必得饱足。(马太福音 5:6)

愿全能的主膏抹你的心,使你领受祂的话语;医治你的耳朵,使你聆听祂的声音;开启你的眼睛,使你看见祂的启示;祝福你的心思意念,使你遵行祂的旨意。

奉耶稣基督的名祷告,阿门❤️



(French) À Dieu… nous prions. Amen.

 À Dieu, le seul Sage, soit la gloire éternellement par Jésus-Christ. Il est le Chemin, la Vérité et la Vie.

Heureux ceux qui ont faim et soif de justice, car ils seront rassasiés. (Matthieu 5:6)

Que le Seigneur Tout-Puissant oigne votre cœur pour recevoir sa Parole, guérisse vos oreilles pour entendre sa voix, ouvre vos yeux pour voir sa révélation et bénisse votre esprit pour accomplir sa volonté.

Au nom de Jésus-Christ, nous prions. Amen. ❤️


(Nepali)  परमेश्वरलाई...हामी प्रार्थना गर्छौं। आमेन। एक मात्र बुद्धिमान् परमेश्वरलाई, येशू ख्रीष्टद्वारा सदासर्वदा महिमा होस्। उहाँ नै बाटो, सत्य र जीवन हुनुहुन्छ।

धन्य हुन् ती जो धार्मिकताको पछि भोकाउँछन् र तिर्खाउँछन्: किनभने तिनीहरू तृप्त हुनेछन्। (मत्ती ५:६)

सर्वशक्तिमान परमप्रभुले तपाईंको हृदयलाई उहाँको वचन ग्रहण गर्न अभिषेक गरून्, उहाँको आवाज सुन्न तपाईंको कानलाई निको पारून्, उहाँको प्रकाश हेर्न तपाईंको आँखा खोलून् र उहाँको इच्छा पूरा गर्न तपाईंको मनलाई आशीर्वाद देऊन्।

येशू ख्रीष्टको नाममा, हामी प्रार्थना गर्छौं, आमेन ❤️

Thursday, June 18, 2026

Wars since UN was founded

 The UN was formed after World War 2 “to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war”, [1]. The first purpose of the UN is “To maintain international peace and security, and to that end: to take effective collective measures for the prevention and removal of threats to the peace, and for the suppression of acts of aggression or other breaches of the peace, and to bring about by peaceful means, and in conformity with the principles of justice and international law, adjustment or settlement of international disputes or situations which might lead to a breach of the peace.” [2]


And indeed there have been no world wars since the UN was founded. On the other hand there have been 478 wars in the 76 years between the UN formation and May 2021. During that period a new war started somewhere in the world on average every 2 months.


Most wars that start now are civil wars. But some people would argue this had nothing to do with the UN and everything to do with the fear of the consequences of using nuclear weapons.


Can anyone really claim that the UN has saved succeeding generations from the scourge of war?


Major Moments in UN History

1945 – 2025

Since the end of World War II, the United Nations has served as the world’s leading international body dedicated to promoting peace, security, and cooperation. From conflict resolution to climate action, it has played an evolving role over the past eight decades in attempting to address global challenges.

0:03 / 0:16

By experts and staff

Updated
  • Sabine Baumgartner
    Senior Photo Editor

1945

October 24, 1945

The United Nations Is Born

Secretary of State Edward Reilly Stettinius, Jr., chairman of the U.S. delegation, signs the UN Charter at a ceremony in San Francisco, California, June 26, 1945. Yould/UN Photo
Secretary of State Edward Reilly Stettinius, Jr., chairman of the U.S. delegation, signs the UN Charter at a ceremony in San Francisco, California, June 26, 1945.  Yould/UN Photo

The United Nations (UN) Charter enters into force following ratification by twenty-nine countries. The charter establishes the United Nations, a global intergovernmental institution dedicated to preventing future conflicts, fostering international cooperation, upholding universal human rights, promoting economic and social progress, and addressing humanitarian issues. It aims to replace the ineffectual League of Nations, created in 1920 and dissolved in 1946, after it failed to prevent the outbreak of World War II. The United Nations is composed of two primary bodies: the General Assembly (UNGA), the main policymaking and most representative UN body, and the Security Council (UNSC), the principal crisis-management body. Five countries—the United States, the Nationalist-led Republic of China (Taiwan), France, the Soviet Union, and the United Kingdom (UK)—hold permanent seats on the UNSC in 1945 and have veto power. (In 1971, the People’s Republic of China, mainland China, replaces the Republic of China at the United Nations and on the Security Council.)

1946

The UN System Expands

In 1948, the city of Vienna, Austria, houses an estimated 500,000 German refugee children, straining UNICEF’s resources. Raymond Kleboe/Stringer/Getty Images
In 1948, the city of Vienna, Austria, houses an estimated 500,000 German refugee children, straining UNICEF’s resources.  Raymond Kleboe/Stringer/Getty Images

UN members establish the Economic and Social Council to provide a central forum for discussing and addressing international economic and social issues, as well as cultural and health matters. These include poverty, inequality, education and, decades later, climate change and sustainable development. In 1946, the General Assembly also creates the UN International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF)—later shortened to the UN Children’s Fund—to provide emergency aid to children and mothers in countries affected by World War II. In 1950, UNICEF’s mandate expands to address the long-term needs of children and women around the world, particularly in developing countries, and it becomes a permanent part of the UN system in 1953.

1948

April 7, 1948

World Health Organization Is Created

The official logo for the WHO features the UN symbol surmounted by the Rod of Asclepius, the traditional Greek symbol for medicine and healing. Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group/Getty Images
The official logo for the WHO features the UN symbol surmounted by the Rod of Asclepius, the traditional Greek symbol for medicine and healing. Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group/Getty Images Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group/Getty Images

The World Health Organization (WHO) is established as the UN body responsible for guiding and coordinating international health policy. Its primary duties include developing partnerships with other global health initiatives, conducting research, setting norms, providing technical support, and monitoring health trends around the world. Over the following decades, the WHO solidifies its role as a global health leader, helping to eliminate malaria in more than a dozen countries where the disease was once endemic, as well as globally eradicate smallpox—the first human infectious disease to be completely eliminated. In the 1980s, the WHO launches a Global Program on AIDS after declaring it to be “a health disaster of pandemic proportions.”

May 29, 1948

UN Deploys First Peacekeeping Mission

General William E. Riley, chief of staff of the Mediator’s Truce Supervision Headquarters, speaks with Arab Legion officers and UN observers at UNTSO headquarters in East Jerusalem, 1948. LM/UN Photo
General William E. Riley, chief of staff of the Mediator’s Truce Supervision Headquarters, speaks with Arab Legion officers and UN observers at UNTSO headquarters in East Jerusalem, 1948.  LM/UN Photo

As conflict rages in the Palestinian territories, the Security Council passes Resolution 50, calling for a cessation of hostilities between Israeli and Arab forces and authorizing the deployment of unarmed military observers to the region to supervise the ceasefire. The first group of observers, which become known as the UN Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO), arrives in the Palestinian territories and neighboring Arab countries in June. After the 1948 Arab-Israeli War ends in 1949, UNTSO observers help monitor the four armistice agreements that Israel signs with Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria. The UNTSO continues to remain active in the Middle East, monitoring ceasefires, supervising armistice agreements, and supporting other regional UN peacekeeping operations, including in Lebanon and Syria’s Golan Heights.

December 9 – 10, 1948

UN Adopts Major Human Rights Documents

Former U.S. First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt, first chairperson of the UN Commission on Human Rights, holds a poster of the UDHR. UN Photo
Former U.S. First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt, first chairperson of the UN Commission on Human Rights, holds a poster of the UDHR.  UN Photo

At its third regular session in Paris, the General Assembly adopts two landmark human rights documents. On December 9, it approves the Genocide Convention [PDF], the first legal instrument to both define genocide and classify it as a crime under international law. Drawing on the legacy of the Holocaust, the convention defines genocide as “acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group.” The next day, the General Assembly adopts the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the first comprehensive international confirmation of the universal rights and freedoms to which all human beings are inherently entitled, including social, economic, civil, and political rights. Although the UDHR is not legally binding and contains no enforcement mechanism, it is widely regarded by UN member states, international organizations, and human rights scholars as the foundation of modern international human rights law, with strong moral and political authority.

1950

November 3, 1950

UNSC Passes Uniting for Peace Resolution

UN trucks cross the 38th parallel as they withdraw from Pyongyang, North Korea, following the Chinese Communist forces reoccupation of the city, in 1950. Interim Archives/Getty Images
UN trucks cross the 38th parallel as they withdraw from Pyongyang, North Korea, following the Chinese Communist forces reoccupation of the city, in 1950.  Interim Archives/Getty Images

The General Assembly passes the Uniting for Peace Resolution to bypass an expected Soviet veto on the Security Council that would have blocked UN efforts to defend South Korea against North Korea’s invasion. Months earlier, in July 1950, the Security Council had established the United Nations Command, placing international military forces under U.S. leadership to defend South Korea—the world’s first attempt at collective security under the UN system. The new resolution authorizes the General Assembly to recommend collective measures—including the use of force—and to convene emergency special sessions when the Security Council is paralyzed by a lack of consensus among its five permanent members. Although General Assembly recommendations are nonbinding, they can mobilize international action and carry significant political weight. The resolution is invoked thirteen times between 1951 and 2022, including during the 1956 Suez Crisis and Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine.

1951

July 28, 1951

States Adopt Global Refugee Convention

Refugees, mainly Chinese, flee Incheon, a port city near Seoul, South Korea, after it is bombarded and invaded by U.S. forces, September 1950. Hulton-Deutsch Collection/CORBIS/Corbis/Getty Images
Refugees, mainly Chinese, flee Incheon, a port city near Seoul, South Korea, after it is bombarded and invaded by U.S. forces, September 1950.  Hulton-Deutsch Collection/CORBIS/Corbis/Getty Images

To address the plight of people fleeing primarily political and religious persecution in Europe, nineteen countries—excluding the United States—sign the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, also known as the 1951 Refugee Convention. The signing takes place during the UN Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Status of Refugees and Stateless Persons in Geneva. Rooted in Article 14 of the UDHR, which states that, “Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution,” the convention defines the term “refugee” and outlines refugees’ rights and the legal obligations that states have to protect them. The UN High Commissioner for Refugees is responsible for overseeing implementation of the convention. It officially enters into force on April 22, 1954, and remains the cornerstone of modern international refugee law. The United States does not ratify the convention, but it does join its 1967 Protocol, which incorporates much of the convention’s text, protects refugees, and prohibits returning refugees to danger.

1956

July 1956

First Armed UN Peacekeeping Force Deploys to Middle East

Private Jelaskovic Ibrahim, of the Yugoslav medical staff, treats a child of the Bedouin community near El-Kuntilla, on Egypt’s Sinai Peninsula. UN Photo
Private Jelaskovic Ibrahim, of the Yugoslav medical staff, treats a child of the Bedouin community near El-Kuntilla, on Egypt’s Sinai Peninsula.  UN Photo

After Egypt nationalizes the Suez Canal Company—leading to military intervention by Israel, France, and the UK—the United Nations deploys an armed peacekeeping force to act as a buffer between Egyptian and Israeli forces and secure a ceasefire. While the UN Emergency Force (UNEF) is armed with light defensive weapons, it is restricted from using force other than in self-defense. UNEF remains in Egypt until May 1967, when it is forced to withdraw at the request of the Egyptian government. A second UNEF mission is established in 1973 in response to the Yom Kippur War between Israel and a coalition of Arab states led by Egypt and Syria and remains in Egypt for six years.

1957

July 29, 1957

IAEA Founded to Guide Peaceful Use of Nuclear Power

Diplomats and scientists from fifty-seven countries participate in the first IAEA General Conference in Vienna, Austria, October 1–23, 1957. IAEA
ONUC troops from the 5th Royal Nigerian Brigade arrive in the town of Kongolo, North Katanga, to help maintain public order and prevent civil war, December 1962.  IAEA

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is founded in response to concerns about nuclear weapons and the escalating U.S.-Soviet arms race. The agency’s creation comes four years after U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower’s “Atoms for Peace” speech to the General Assembly, in which he proposed the creation of an international body to promote the peaceful use of atomic power. Unanimously approved by more than eighty countries, the IAEA’s charter outlines a three-part mission: nuclear verification and security, safety, and technology transfer. While the agency is an independent intergovernmental organization, it maintains relationships with both the General Assembly and the Security Council, to which it reports. Over the coming decades, the IAEA plays a critical role in coordinating the global response to both the Chernobyl and Fukushima nuclear disasters, as well as monitoring Iran’s contentious nuclear program via inspections and safeguards.

1960–1964

July 14, 1960 – June 30, 1964

UN Launches Milestone Mission in the Congo

ONUC troops from the 5th Royal Nigerian Brigade arrive in the town of Kongolo, North Katanga, to help maintain public order and prevent civil war, December 1962. UN Photo
ONUC troops from the 5th Royal Nigerian Brigade arrive in the town of Kongolo, North Katanga, to help maintain public order and prevent civil war, December 1962.  UN Photo

Shortly after gaining independence from Belgium, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) appeals to the United Nations to help protect its political and territorial sovereignty. The Security Council responds by authorizing the UN Operation in the Congo (ONUC), a peacekeeping operation intended to provide military and technical assistance until Congolese forces are capable of defending their own territory. By 1960, the Congo faces a secession crisis as the province of Katanga seeks independence. The conflict unfolds amid Cold War tensions, with the United States and the Soviet Union at odds over its resolution. In 1961, UN Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjöld dies under mysterious circumstances in a plane crash en route to negotiate peace in the region. Shortly after, the Security Council passes Resolution 169, siding with the Congolese government. In 1962, the ONUC launches operations to prevent Katanga’s secession. Katanga surrenders in January 1963 and the ONUC withdraws from the DRC in June 1964.

1962

October 16 – 29, 1962

UN Helps Mediate During Cuban Missile Crisis

UN Secretary-General U Thant (right) meets with Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union Anastas I. Mikoyan (center) at the UN headquarters in New York as talks continue on the situation in Cuba, November 1962. UN Photo
UN Secretary-General U Thant (right) meets with Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union Anastas I. Mikoyan (center) at the UN headquarters in New York as talks continue on the situation in Cuba, November 1962.  UN Photo

U.S. intelligence discovers that Cuba has allowed the Soviet Union to build nuclear missile installations on the island, prompting U.S. President John F. Kennedy to demand their removal and impose a naval quarantine of Cuba. His actions trigger a thirteen-day standoff. With fears of a nuclear war looming, the United States and the Soviet Union negotiate via back channels. As the crisis continues, Kennedy secretly agrees to withdraw U.S. nuclear missiles from Turkey within months and pledges not to invade Cuba if the Soviet Union withdraws its missiles. Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev accepts the deal and announces that he will order the missiles removed. Throughout the crisis, the United Nations—led by Secretary-General U Thant—serves as a mediator, privately facilitating communication between both sides. While largely on the margins, the United Nations’ involvement provides a diplomatic channel that helps defuse one of the most dangerous confrontations of the Cold War.

1966

December 16, 1966

Universal Rights Treaties Open for Signature

Salvador P. Lopez, Philippine ambassador to the United States, signs the Covenants at the UN headquarters in New York, December 1966. Teddy Chen/UN Photo
Salvador P. Lopez, Philippine ambassador to the United States, signs the Covenants at the UN headquarters in New York, December 1966.  Teddy Chen/UN Photo

The United Nations adopts the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) to further codify human rights. Originally drafted as one document, these covenants are ratified separately to address ideological differences primarily between UN member states during the Cold War. These two treaties legally bind states to uphold human rights, including the right to work, education, life, and religion. The ICESCR enters into force in January 1976, and the ICCPR in March of that same year. Along with the UDHR, the ICCPR and ICESCR form the core foundation of international human rights law.

1974

October 14, 1974

UNGA Recognizes Palestine Liberation Organization

PLO leader Yasser Arafat addresses the UN General Assembly, November 13, 1974.
PLO leader Yasser Arafat addresses the UN General Assembly, November 13, 1974.  Bettmann/Getty Images

As the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) grows in influence, the General Assembly adopts Resolution 3210 (XXIX), recognizing the PLO as the sole legitimate representative of the Palestinian people. Days later, the assembly grants the PLO observer status, allowing them to participate in the work of the General Assembly and other UN bodies. In 1975, the assembly establishes the Committee on the Exercise of the Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People to promote Palestinians’ right to self-determination, sovereignty, and national independence. The decision to recognize the PLO elevates the group’s international political standing and legitimacy. In 1988, the designation of “Palestine” officially replaces the PLO within the UN system. Despite these moves, the issue of Palestinian statehood remains a subject of heated debate.

1989

January 1, 1989

Landmark Treaty on Ozone Protection Enters Into Force

An effigy of Earth trying to grab aerosol cans from a hand polluting the planet rolls down the street during a carnival in Mainz, Germany, February 6, 1989. Mauritz Antin/Reuters
An effigy of Earth trying to grab aerosol cans from a hand polluting the planet rolls down the street during a carnival in Mainz, Germany, February 6, 1989.  Mauritz Antin/Reuters

After receiving initial ratification from 197 countries, the Montreal Protocol takes effect—the first and only UN treaty to achieve universal ratification. It is also the first international treaty to address a planetary-scale environmental issue. The protocol requires states to stop producing substances that damage the Earth’s ozone layer, such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which are used in refrigerants, aerosols, and other applications. The protocol helps to eliminate nearly 99 percent of CFCs and is considered one of the most effective international climate agreements. In 2016, all states party to the protocol agree via the Kigali Amendment to also reduce their production of hydrofluorocarbons, powerful greenhouse gases that contribute to climate change.

1990

August 2, 1990

UN Backs Global Action Against Iraq

UN Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali (center) visits UNIKOM in Kuwait, 1995. UN Photo
UN Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali (center) visits UNIKOM in Kuwait, 1995.  UN Photo

Following Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait, the Security Council condemns the move and issues a resolution demanding Iraq’s immediate and unconditional withdrawal to pre-invasion positions. When Iraq fails to comply, the Security Council imposes a comprehensive trade embargo on Baghdad, which excludes humanitarian aid. As tensions escalate, the Council authorizes member states in November to use “all necessary means” to enforce withdrawal by January 15, 1991. After Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein refuses, a UN-backed, U.S.-led coalition attacks Iraq, and the United States declares a ceasefire the following month. In April 1991, the Council deploys the UN Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission (UNIKOM) to monitor the demilitarized zone between Iraq and Kuwait until 2003. In 1995, the United Nations establishes the Oil-for-Food Program to allow Iraq to sell oil in exchange for humanitarian goods, while preventing the development of weapons of mass destruction. However, the program is plagued by widespread violations and corruption, including by Security Council members.

1992

June 3 – 14, 1992

Brazil Hosts UN Earth Summit

U.S. President George W. Bush signs the Earth pledge alongside his wife, Barbara Bush, during the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, June 12, 1992. J. David Ake/AFP/Getty Images
U.S. President George W. Bush signs the Earth pledge alongside his wife, Barbara Bush, during the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, June 12, 1992.  J. David Ake/AFP/Getty Images

In Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, the UN Conference on Environment and Development—known as the Earth Summit—brings together political leaders, scientists, and media and NGO representatives from 179 countries to address the effects of human activities on the environment. The summit produces several major agreements, including the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development and Agenda 21, a blueprint for achieving sustainable development. It also establishes two major treaties: the Convention on Biological Diversity and the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The UNFCC, signed by 154 countries, including the United States, is the first global treaty to explicitly address climate change, with signatories pledging to combat “dangerous human interference with the climate system.” It establishes the Conference of the Parties, an annual global forum that leads to subsequent binding climate agreements like the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement.

1993

May 25, 1993

UN Establishes Tribunal to Prosecute Balkan War Crimes

Photographs of missing men from Srebrenica are on display in the office of the Srebrenica Widow’s Association in Tuzla, Bosnia-Herzegovina, October 22, 2002. Roger Lemoyne/Getty Images
Photographs of missing men from Srebrenica are on display in the office of the Srebrenica Widow’s Association in Tuzla, Bosnia-Herzegovina, October 22, 2002.  Roger Lemoyne/Getty Images

The Security Council sets up the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) to prosecute those responsible for war crimes and other “serious violations of international humanitarian law” during the Balkan wars of the 1990s. The ICTY can determine culpability in four main areas: major violations of the 1949 Geneva Conventions, breaches of the laws or customs of war, crimes against humanity, and genocide. It is the first ad hoc international war crimes tribunal since the Nuremberg and Tokyo trials in the wake of World War II. In 2007, the United Nations’ own top court, the International Court of Justice, delivers a landmark ruling confirming that the 1995 massacre of more than eight thousand Bosnian Muslim men and boys in Srebrenica by Bosnian Serb forces was an act of genocide. The ICTY indicts a total of 161 people, including the leading perpetrators of the genocide during the Bosnian War, before its mandate ends in 2017.

1994

November 8, 1994

UN Responds to Genocide in Rwanda

UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan and his wife, Nane, visit the burial site of genocide victims from the École Technique Officielle secondary school in Kigali, Rwanda, May 1998. Milton Grant/UN Photo
UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan and his wife, Nane, visit the burial site of genocide victims from the École Technique Officielle secondary school in Kigali, Rwanda, May 1998.  Milton Grant/UN Photo

The United Nations establishes the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) months after approximately eight hundred thousand Rwandans—primarily members of the Tutsi minority—are killed during a period of about one hundred days. The genocide unfolds after most UN peacekeeping forces withdraw from the country. The ICTR’s purpose is to prosecute individuals responsible for the killings and other serious violations of international humanitarian law. Between 1995 and 2015, when its mandate ends, the tribunal indicts ninety-three individuals, including high-ranking military and government officials. The ICTR is the first institution to define rape in international criminal law and recognize it as a means of perpetrating genocide. It is also the first international tribunal to hold members of the media accountable for their involvement in international crimes. In 2010, the Security Council establishes the International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals to carry on the residual functions of both the ICTY and the ICTR.

1999

June 10, 1999

Security Council Creates Mission to Run Kosovo

American Abrams tanks arrive in Kosovo, June 1999. Patrick Robert/Sygma/Corbis/Getty Images
American Abrams tanks arrive in Kosovo, June 1999.  Patrick Robert/Sygma/Corbis/Getty Images

The Security Council authorizes an international civil presence in the breakaway Serbian province of Kosovo, known as the UN Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK). The decision follows the end of the NATO bombing campaign against Serbia—a part of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia—and the cessation of the Serbian government’s large-scale violence targeting ethnic Albanians in Kosovo. UNMIK’s mandate is to “ensure conditions for a peaceful and normal life for all inhabitants of Kosovo and advancement of regional stability in the Western Balkans.” Working closely with NATO, its responsibilities include promoting security and stability, safeguarding human rights, and establishing provisional institutions of self-government in Kosovo, home to a majority ethnic Albanian population and small enclaves of ethnic Serbs. While the mission succeeds at stabilizing Kosovo after the war and restoring law and order, some critics say it falls short of building a fully functional and inclusive political system.

2000

September 2000

Countries Adopt Millennium Development Goals

A Pakistani girl collects food from a garbage dump in Islamabad as UNICEF calls for greater global action on child labor, June 12, 2010. Farooq Naeem/AFP/Getty Images
A Pakistani girl collects food from a garbage dump in Islamabad as UNICEF calls for greater global action on child labor, June 12, 2010.  Farooq Naeem/AFP/Getty Images

At the UN Millennium Summit in New York, one of the largest-ever gatherings of world leaders at the time, 189 countries adopt the Millennium Declaration. It commits countries to combating issues including hunger, disease, poverty, and environmental degradation. The declaration forms the basis for the eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which focus on directing wealthy countries’ resources toward eradicating poverty and improving global health in poor countries. Each goal has targets set for 2015 and indicators to monitor progress. By 2015, when the MDGs expire, experts agree they were largely successful, particularly in reducing extreme poverty and combating diseases, though progress varied across goals and regions.

2002

March 22, 2002

General Assembly Endorses Monterrey Consensus

World leaders pose for a group photo at the International Conference on Financing for Development in Monterrey, Mexico, March 21, 2002. Stephen Jaffe/AFP/Getty Images
World leaders pose for a group photo at the International Conference on Financing for Development in Monterrey, Mexico, March 21, 2002.  Stephen Jaffe/AFP/Getty Images

At the International Conference on Financing for Development in Monterrey, Mexico, the General Assembly adopts the Monterrey Consensus [PDF]. It emphasizes the shared responsibility of developing countries to pursue economic and social development and of wealthy nations to support them through open trade and increased financial aid. The agreement focuses on six areas for financing development: mobilizing domestic financial resources in developing countries, setting a target of 0.7 percent of gross national incomes for donor countries’ official development assistance, increasing international financial and technical cooperation, encouraging international trade, providing external debt relief, and addressing systematic issues. The United States, under President George W. Bush, strongly backs the effort, which lays the groundwork for the Millennium Challenge Corporation—an independent U.S. foreign aid agency that partners with developing countries that have demonstrated good governance and sound economic policies.

July 1, 2002

Rome Statute Establishes the ICC

The first eighteen judges of the ICC are sworn in during an inaugural ceremony in The Hague, March 11, 2003. Paul Vreeker PVR/CRB/Reuters
The first eighteen judges of the ICC are sworn in during an inaugural ceremony in The Hague, March 11, 2003.  Paul Vreeker PVR/CRB/Reuters

The International Criminal Court (ICC) is established by the Rome Statute as the first permanent, treaty-based world court to prosecute individuals guilty of some of the world’s most serious crimes. The court has jurisdiction over four categories of crimes under international law: genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and the crime of aggression. The ICC builds on the successes of the ICTY and ICTR with the intention of complementing, rather than replacing, national courts. The ICC is independent from the UN system, which has its own International Court of Justice for cases against states. However, the ICC has a cooperation agreement with the United Nations and jurisdictional ties to the Security Council. Its critics argue the court has too much prosecutorial power and threatens states’ sovereignty. The United States is one of only a few democracies—including India and Israel—that have not ratified the Rome Statute, despite having played a significant role in shaping it during the Bill Clinton administration.

2003

August 19, 2003

Terrorist Bombing of UN Baghdad Headquarters Kills Envoy

A car burns outside the UN headquarters at the Canal Hotel in eastern Baghdad after a truck bomb attack, August 19, 2003. Sabah Arar/AFP/Getty Images
A car burns outside the UN headquarters at the Canal Hotel in eastern Baghdad after a truck bomb attack, August 19, 2003.  Sabah Arar/AFP/Getty Images

A truck bomb kills twenty-two people, including the top UN envoy to Iraq, Sérgio Vieira de Mello, and badly damages the Canal Hotel in Baghdad, Iraq—a base for some three hundred UN personnel. Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, leader of the terrorist organization Jama’at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad, claims responsibility for what is the first major terrorist attack to target the United Nations. The incident highlights the United Nations’ precarious position after accepting a lead role in Iraq’s democracy and nation-building efforts following the 2003 U.S.-led invasion—a war that many UN members opposed. A week after the attack, the Security Council unanimously passes a resolution [PDF] declaring that “attacks knowingly and intentionally directed against” humanitarian or peacekeeping personnel “constitute war crimes.”

2005

September 16, 2005

Member States Endorse Responsibility to Protect Doctrine

Security Council members vote in abstention on a resolution supporting military action against the Muammar al-Qaddafi regime in Libya during a meeting at UN headquarters in New York, March 17, 2011. Jessica Rinaldi/Reuters
Security Council members vote in abstention on a resolution supporting military action against the Muammar al-Qaddafi regime in Libya during a meeting at UN headquarters in New York, March 17, 2011.  Jessica Rinaldi/Reuters

At a time of multiple conflicts, the General Assembly endorses the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) doctrine at the UN World Summit. R2P asserts that sovereign countries have a fundamental responsibility to protect their citizens and if they fail to do so, the Security Council can use its existing UN Charter authority to intervene—including by using military force—to protect innocent civilians and prevent large-scale loss of life. The doctrine establishes a heightened political priority for humanitarian intervention, provided the Security Council authorizes it in particular situations. However, some critics argue that R2P risks undermining state sovereignty and encourages foreign interference by the Security Council in states’ internal affairs. Most notably, the doctrine is used to justify NATO-led intervention in Libya’s civil war in 2011, after the Security Council authorizes the use of force to protect civilians from Muammar al-Qaddafi’s crackdown—a decision that proves controversial among UN member states. More than a decade later, Libya remains riven by civil war.

2006

March 15, 2006

Human Rights Council Supersedes Commission

President of the UNHRC Martin Ihoeghian Uhomoibhi (left) welcomes Vice President of the Maldives Mohamed Waheed (right) at the opening of the 10th UNHRC in Geneva, March 2, 2009. Fabrice Coffrini/AFP/Getty Images
President of the UNHRC Martin Ihoeghian Uhomoibhi (left) welcomes Vice President of the Maldives Mohamed Waheed (right) at the opening of the 10th UNHRC in Geneva, March 2, 2009.  Fabrice Coffrini/AFP/Getty Images

The General Assembly votes overwhelmingly to adopt a resolution establishing the Human Rights Council (UNHRC), which is responsible for “strengthening the promotion and protection of human rights around the globe,” as well as addressing human rights violations. The UNHRC replaces the Commission on Human Rights, created in 1946, which faced widespread criticism for letting countries with poor human rights records become members. The UNHRC meets at least three times a year and reviews the records of all UN members in a process known as Universal Periodic Review. In 2009, under President Barack Obama, the United States secures a seat on the council and is reelected in 2012. The council faces a bout of criticism in 2013 after Algeria, China, Russia, Saudi Arabia, and Vietnam are elected members by the General Assembly, despite checkered rights records. In 2018, President Donald Trump withdraws the United States from the UNHRC, citing bias against Israel—particularly a standing agenda item on the human rights situation in the Palestinian territories. The United States gains an elected seat on the UNHRC in 2021, but Trump withdraws the country again after he returns to office in 2025.

2010

January 12, 2010

Haiti Disaster Deals Blow to UN Peacekeeping—and Image

UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon visits the destroyed MINUSTAH headquarters in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, five days after a devastating earthquake rocked the city, January 17, 2010. Thomas Coex/AFP/Getty Images
UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon visits the destroyed MINUSTAH headquarters in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, five days after a devastating earthquake rocked the city, January 17, 2010.  Thomas Coex/AFP/Getty Images

A catastrophic 7.0-magnitude earthquake strikes Haiti, killing an estimated 220,000 people and displacing 1.5 million more. The quake deals a severe blow to the country’s already shaky economy and infrastructure, collapsing the headquarters of the UN Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) that was launched in 2004 to restore political order. In response, the Security Council endorses Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon’s recommendation to increase the UN peacekeeping presence in Haiti to support the country’s stability, recovery, and reconstruction efforts. UN and partner organizations launch a $575 million flash appeal for emergency humanitarian assistance, while the Security Council authorizes an increase of 3,500 troops and police to reinforce MINUSTAH’s efforts. The quake is the deadliest disaster in UN peacekeeping history, resulting in the deaths of 102 UN personnel, including head of MINUSTAH Hédi Annabi and 96 peacekeepers. In the quake’s aftermath, Haiti suffers a major cholera outbreak—later traced to UN peacekeepers—leading to significant criticism of the United Nations’ handling of the crisis.

December 10, 2010

UN Supports LGBTQ+ Rights in Major Milestone

Secretary-General Ban delivers remarks at the UN Free & Equal Lunch in San Francisco, June 2015. Mark Garten/UN Photo
Secretary-General Ban delivers remarks at the UN Free & Equal Lunch in San Francisco, June 2015.  Mark Garten/UN Photo

In a landmark speech on Human Rights Day, Secretary-General Ban launches a global appeal to decriminalize homosexuality and other measures to safeguard the rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people. His speech marks a significant milestone as one of the first times a UN secretary-general explicitly advocates for LGBTQ+ rights within the UN human rights agenda. In June 2011, the UNHRC adopts its first resolution [PDF] on human rights, sexual orientation, and gender identity, which also commissions the first-ever UN study focused on discriminatory laws and practices against individuals based on their sexual orientation. Despite these advances, many countries continue to criminalize LGBTQ+ identities and face criticism from human rights groups.

2015

June 20, 2015

Security Council Endorses Iran Nuclear Deal

Gholamali Khoshroo, Iran’s permanent representative to the United Nations, addresses the Security Council after it adopts a resolution affirming the JCPOA, July 2015. Loey Felipe/UN Photo
Gholamali Khoshroo, Iran’s permanent representative to the United Nations, addresses the Security Council after it adopts a resolution affirming the JCPOA, July 2015.  Loey Felipe/UN Photo

Nearly a week after Iran, the five permanent members of the Security Council, and European Union (EU) representatives reach the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), the Council formally endorses the agreement via Resolution 2231. The JCPOA, also known as the Iran nuclear deal, is negotiated in response to growing concerns about nuclear proliferation in the Middle East. It aims to ensure that Iran’s nuclear program is kept peaceful by offering sanctions relief in exchange for restrictions on Tehran’s nuclear activities, including uranium enrichment limits monitored by the IAEA. Nuclear talks with Iran remain in a state of flux over the next several years as efforts to revive the JCPOA continue following the 2018 U.S. withdrawal and subsequent violations by Iran.

September 25, 2015

Sustainable Development Goals Succeed the MDGs

A participant draws on a board during the UN secretary-general’s High-level Meeting on Financing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in New York, September 24, 2018. Evan Schneider/UN Photo
A participant draws on a board during the UN secretary-general’s High-level Meeting on Financing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in New York, September 24, 2018.  Evan Schneider/UN Photo

At the seventieth General Assembly, countries adopt an ambitious set of development goals for improving economic, environmental, and social conditions worldwide by 2030. The seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) succeed the MDGs as the United Nations’ chief initiative for advancing basic living standards and addressing a range of global issues, including gender inequality and climate change. Unlike the MDGs, the SDGs are meant to apply equally to all countries and thus cover a broader swath of issues. By 2025, however, only an estimated 35 percent of SDGs are on track or making moderate progress ahead of the 2030 deadline. Some experts criticize the SDGs as overly ambitious, instead calling for a more focused approach on a smaller selection of targets.

December 12, 2015

Countries Sign Paris Climate Agreement

The slogan “climate action” is projected onto the Eiffel Tower during the UN climate conference in Paris, France, December 11, 2015. Chesnot/Getty Images
The slogan “climate action” is projected onto the Eiffel Tower during the UN climate conference in Paris, France, December 11, 2015.  Chesnot/Getty Images

Following two weeks of negotiations at the UN Climate Change Conference in Paris, 194 countries and the EU adopt an international treaty agreeing for the first time to take actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and support collective climate action. The Paris Agreement calls for countries with greater resources to help developing nations enhance their capacities to combat climate change. The agreement aims to prevent the global average temperature from rising 2.0°C (3.6°F) above pre-industrial levels, with a preference to keep warming below 1.5°C (2.7°F). Countries that adopt the agreement consent to nationally determined contributions as well as non-mandatory long-term strategies to lower greenhouse gas emissions. While the agreement is a historic achievement, its implementation continues to face financial, political, and geopolitical hurdles. Trump withdraws the United States twice from the agreement—in 2017 and 2025—arguing that it harms the U.S. economy by imposing unfavorable environmental standards and places the country at a disadvantage compared to other major emitters.

2018

December 19, 2018

UNGA Approves First Global Compact for Migration

Migrants arrive at the Sicilian harbor of Pozzallo, Italy, after crossing the Mediterranean Sea from Libya, February 15, 2015. Antonio Parrinello/Reuters
Migrants arrive at the Sicilian harbor of Pozzallo, Italy, after crossing the Mediterranean Sea from Libya, February 15, 2015.  Antonio Parrinello/Reuters

The General Assembly adopts the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration, the first-ever global agreement on a common approach to international migration. The nonbinding agreement [PDF] outlines twenty-three objectives to support international cooperation, including reducing migrant smuggling, ensuring migrants’ access to basic services, and using detention only as a last resort. While proponents laud the agreement as a step forward in global migration governance, critics view it as a challenge to state sovereignty. Some countries that initially sign or support the agreement later withdraw from the process or decline to implement it, including Australia, Austria, Hungary, and Poland. Despite efforts by states, by the end of 2024, there are an estimated 123.2 million forcibly displaced people worldwide.

2020

March 11, 2020

WHO Declares COVID-19 Pandemic

Health-care workers wheel bodies from the Wyckoff Heights Medical Center in Brooklyn, New York, during the COVID-19 pandemic, April 2, 2020. Brendan McDermid/Reuters
Health-care workers wheel bodies from the Wyckoff Heights Medical Center in Brooklyn, New York, during the COVID-19 pandemic, April 2, 2020.  Brendan McDermid/Reuters

The WHO director-general announces that COVID-19—first detected in December 2019 in Wuhan, China—constitutes a pandemic. The United Nations launches a coordinated response that includes health, humanitarian, and socioeconomic planning via various UN bodies. UN agencies also help lead the global COVAX initiative to ensure equitable access to COVID-19 vaccines around the world. Meanwhile, UN Secretary-General António Guterres calls for a global ceasefire so countries can focus on their public health response. The United Nations issues both a Global Humanitarian Response Plan and a socioeconomic recovery framework to mitigate the pandemic’s effect on the world’s most vulnerable countries. Despite these global efforts, however, the disease kills more than seven million people over the next few years, per the WHO.

2022–Present

March 2, 2022

UNGA Denounces Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine

UN Secretary-General António Guterres visits the city of Irpin, Ukraine, in the early months of Russia’s invasion, April 28, 2022. Eskinder Debebe/UN Photo
UN Secretary-General António Guterres visits the city of Irpin, Ukraine, in the early months of Russia’s invasion, April 28, 2022.  Eskinder Debebe/UN Photo

During its eleventh emergency special session, the General Assembly overwhelmingly adopts a nonbinding resolution condemning Russia’s February 2022 invasion of Ukraine. The session is triggered by the rarely used Uniting for Peace resolution after the Security Council fails to pass a similar resolution due to a Russian veto. In a vote of 141–5, with 35 abstentions, the assembly “deplores in the strongest terms” Russia’s unprovoked aggression, demands that Russia immediately cease fighting and unconditionally withdraw its forces from Ukraine, and calls on Moscow to reverse its recognition of Ukraine’s Donetsk and Luhansk regions as independent. On April 7, the assembly suspends Russia’s membership rights in the UNHRC following reports of gross and systematic human rights violations.

2023–Present

October 2023

UN Responds to Gaza Humanitarian Crisis

Palestinians sit on the rubble of a damaged building in Gaza City in the aftermath of Israeli strikes, October 10, 2023. Mohammed Salem/Reuters
Palestinians sit on the rubble of a damaged building in Gaza City in the aftermath of Israeli strikes, October 10, 2023.  Mohammed Salem/Reuters

On October 7, Hamas launches a surprise assault on southern Israel, killing nearly 1,200 people and taking about 250 hostages. In response, Israel declares war with the stated goal of eradicating the group, marking the start of intense military operations. As the conflict continues unabated, the humanitarian situation in Gaza grows more dire. UN agencies—particularly the World Food Program, the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, and the UN agency for Palestinian refugees—coordinate the provision of humanitarian aid and make repeated calls for ceasefires and humanitarian pauses. However, UN funding shortfalls and restricted access to Gaza hamper aid efforts, which are further hindered by ongoing crises in Ukraine and Sudan. By the end of 2024, the United Nations reports that 181 aid workers have been killed in Gaza, now considered the deadliest location for humanitarian personnel in the world. Reflecting the scale of the crisis, the UN-backed global hunger monitor declares in August 2025 that an “entirely man-made” famine is occurring in and around Gaza City, previously the enclave’s largest population center.